Ali Sastroamidjojo

Ali Sastroamidjojo (EYD: Ali Sastroamijoyo; 21 May 1903 – 13 March 1975) was an Indonesian politician and diplomat. He served in various political and diplomatic roles during the presidency of Sukarno, most notably as a cabinet minister, prime minister, chairman of the Indonesian National Party (PNI), and permanent representative to the United Nations. Ali was born in Grabag, Purworejo, Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia), to an aristocratic family from Magelang and studied at Leiden University. During his studies, he was active in several youth organizations, including the ''Jong Java'' and the ''Perhimpoenan Indonesia'' associations. He was briefly arrested by the Dutch in 1927 but was released shortly thereafter.

In 1928, he began practicing as a lawyer and began publishing the ''Djanget'' magazine in Surakarta. During this time, he became involved in the struggle for independence, joining the Indonesian Nationalist Party (PNI). However, when the PNI was dissolved by Dutch authorities, he moved to Gerindo (Indonesian People's Movement). Following the proclamation of Indonesian Independence in 1945, he continued his activities in politics and government, becoming deputy minister of education in the first Indonesian cabinet. He would go on to serve as Minister of Education in the Amir Syarifuddin Cabinet and the Hatta Cabinet. He then served as deputy chairman of the delegation of the Republic of Indonesia in negotiations with the Netherlands and became a member of the delegation of the Republic of Indonesia in the negotiations of the Round Table Conference.

On 1 August 1953, Ali became Prime Minister of Indonesia, leading the First Ali Sastroamidjojo Cabinet. After the cabinet fell in 1955, Ali Sastroamidjojo again became Prime Minister of Indonesia for the second time on March 26, 1956.  He again led his cabinet, though it lasted less than a year. He was also a key figure in the negotiations of the Sino-Indonesian Dual Nationality Treaty. After the recognition of the sovereignty of the Republic of Indonesia, he was appointed the first Indonesian Ambassador to the United States, Canada, and Mexico, from 1950 until 1955. In addition, he was also appointed chairman of the Asian-African Conference in Bandung. In July 1960, at the ninth annual congress of the PNI, Sastroamidjojo was elected party chairman. In 1967, following the fall of Sukarno, Sastroamidjojo was arrested but later released without having been tried. He died in Jakarta, on 13 March 1975, he is buried at the Kalibata Heroes' Cemetery. Provided by Wikipedia